2019年12月英语四级考试翻译真题及答案解析三套整
翻译：
中国家庭十分重视孩子的教育。许多父母认为应该努力工作，确保孩子受到良好的教育。他们不仅非常情愿为孩子的教育投资，而且花很多时间督促他们学习。多数家长希望孩子能上名牌大学。由于改革开放，越来越多的家长能送孩子到国外学习或参加国际交流项目，让其拓宽视野。通过这些努力，他们期待孩子健康成长，为国家的发展和繁荣做出贡献。
【参考范文】
Chinese families attach due importance to children's education. Numerous parents deem that they should work hard to ensure that their children are well educated. Not only are they very willing to invest in their children's education, but they also spend a lot of time urging them to learn. The great majority of parents expect that their children are able to go to prestigious universities. As a result of the reform and opening up, an increasing number of parents can send their children to study abroad or participate in international exchange projects, so as to broaden their horizons. Through these efforts, they expect their children to grow up healthily and contribute to
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the development and prosperity of the country.
【解析】：这一篇翻译的主题是中国家庭教育观念，篇章中主要考察状语以及宾语从句的翻译。
(1)中国家庭十分重视孩子的教育。
【解析】此为主谓宾结构，十分重视：attach due importance to
【参考答案】 Chinese families attach due importance to children's education.
(2)许多父母认为应该努力工作，确保孩子受到良好的教育。 【解析】主语：许多父母;谓语动词：认为;宾语：“应该努力工作”，此处宾语为含有动作的句子，翻译为宾语从句，注意从句需要补充从句中的主语“they”。句子后半句处理为不定式“to do” 【参考答案】Numerous parents deem that they should work hard to ensure that their children are well educated.
(3)他们不仅非常情愿为孩子的教育投资，而且花很多时间督促他们学习。
【解析】出现“不仅……而且……”, 选择“not only…but also…”处理，可以将not only提前，将句子处理为半倒装。 花时间做某事：spend time (on / in) doing sth. 情愿：bewilling to;投资：investin;督促：push/urge 【参考答案】Not only are they very willing to invest in their children's education, but they also spend a lot of time urging
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them to learn.
(4)多数家长希望孩子能上名牌大学。
【解析】主语：多数家长;谓语动词：希望;宾语为“孩子能上名牌大学”处理为宾语从句。
多数：most / the great majority of; 名牌大学：prestigious universities.
【参考答案】The great majority of parents expect that their children are able to go to prestigious universities.
(5)由于改革开放，越来越多的家长能送孩子到国外学习或参加国际交流项目，让其拓宽视野。
【解析】此句子有两个状语成分，其中“由于改革开放”是原因状语，处理为“due to”或“as a result of”;“让其拓宽视野”是结果状语，处理为so as to broaden their horizons.
改革开放：the reform and opening up; 国外学习：study abroad;参加国际交流项目：participate in international exchange projects
【参考答案】As a result of the reform and opening up, an increasing number of parents can send their children to study abroad or participate in international exchange projects, so as to broaden their horizons.
(6)通过这些努力，他们期待孩子健康成长，为国家的发展和繁荣做出贡献。
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【解析】期待某人做某事：expect sb. to do sth; 注意此处“健康”处理为副词，修饰动词“成长”; 为…做贡献：contribute to
【参考答案】Through these efforts, they expect their children to grow up healthily and contribute to the development and prosperity of the country. 翻译
中国汉族人的全名由姓和名组成。中文姓名的特点是,姓总是在前,名跟在其后,千百年来,父姓一直世代相传。然而,如今,孩子跟母亲姓并不罕见。一般来说,名有一个或两个汉字通常承载父母对孩子的愿望。从孩子的名字可以推断出父母希望孩子成为什么样的人,或者预期他们过什么样的生活。父母非常重视给孩子取名,因为名字往往会伴随孩子一生。
【参考答案】
The full name of China’s Han ethnic people is composed of their family name and given name. The characteristic of Chinese names is that the family name always comes first, followed by the given name. For thousands of years, paternal family names have been passed down from generation to
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generation. Nowadays, however, it is not uncommon for children to follow the maternal surname. Generally speaking, the given name contains one or two Chinese characters, usually carrying the parents' wishes for their children. From the child's name, we can infer what kind of person the parents want their children to be, or what kind of life they expect them to live. Parents attach due importance to naming their children, in that names often accompany their children's whole life. 【解析】
(1)中国汉族人的全名由姓和名组成。
【解析】：主语：中国汉族人的全名，中国汉族人处理为介词短语，The full name of China’s Han ethnic people，注意动词组成compose需要使用被动语态
姓：family name / surname 名：given name
【参考答案】：The full name of China’s Han ethnic people is composed of their family name and given name.
(2)中文姓名的特点是，姓总是在前，名跟在其后，千百年来，父姓一直世代相传。
【解析】：句子为主系表结构，“姓总是在前，名跟在其后”处理为表语从句，用that进行引导，注意此处that不可省略 世代相传：相传翻译为pass down，世代相传意为“一代一代
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传下来”，处理为from generation to generation.注意时态使用现在完成时，强调动作的延续性。
【参考答案】：The characteristic of Chinese name is that the family name always comes first, followed by the given name. For thousands of years, paternal family names have been passed down from generation to generation. (3)然而，如今，并不罕见。
【解析】：孩子跟母亲姓,是句子的主语，出现主语从句并且谓语动词较短的情况，使用it is形式主语句型
跟母姓可以处理为follow the maternal surname或follow the mother’s family name
【参考答案】：Nowadays, however, it is not uncommon for children to follow the maternal surname.
(4)一般来说，名有一个或两个汉字，通常承载父母对孩子的愿望。
【解析】：两个逗号隔开的小短句，观察是同一个主语发出两个动作，可以将一个处理为主句的谓语动词the given name contains one or two Chinese characters，另一个处理为doing/done的非谓语分句carrying the parents' wishes for their children。 【参考答案】：Generally speaking, the given name contains one or two Chinese characters, usually carrying the parents' wishes for their children.
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(5)从孩子的名字可以推断出父母希望孩子成为什么样的人，或者预期他们过什么样的生活。
【解析】：这一句需要特别注意，“从孩子的名字”并不是句子的主语，而是状语成分，判断的方法很简单：“推断”这个谓语动词不是由“孩子的名字”发出的，而是由“人们”发出的，因此句子需要补充主语we;句子的宾语是两个从句：孩子成为什么样的人，或者预期他们过什么样的生活。分别用what kind of person与what kind of life 翻译。
【参考答案】：From the child's name, we can infer what kind of person the parents want their children to be, or what kind of life they expect them to live.
(6)父母非常重视给孩子起名，因为名字往往会伴随孩子一生。 【解析】：重视：attach due importance to;起名：可以直接用name作为动词，表示起名、命名;句子的后部分是原因状语从句，用because或in that引导。
【参考答案】：Parents attach due importance to naming their children, in that names often accompany their children's whole life.
另一份【参考答案】
The full name of Chinas Han ethnic group(people) is composed of family name( surname)and given name. One characteristic of the Chinese name is that the family name is
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always put before the given name. For thousands of years, the paternal surname( the father's family name) has been passed down through generations. However, it is not uncommon now for a child to have the maternal surname(the mother's family name). Generally speaking, a given name contains one or two Chinese characters, which carries the parents' hope for the kid. Therefore, it's easy to infer from the name what kind of person the parents expect their child to be, or what kind of life to lead.Parents attach great importance to naming their kid as it will be his or her lifelong company. 翻译：
中国的家庭观念与其文化传统有关。和睦的大家庭曾非常令人羡慕。过去四代同堂并不少见。由于这个传统,许多年轻人婚后继续与父母同住。今天,这个传统正在改变,随着住房条件的改善,越来越多年轻夫妇选择与父母分开住。但他们之间的联系仍然很密切。许多老年人仍然帮着照看孙辈。年轻夫妇也抽时间探望父母,特别是在春节和中秋节等重要节日。
【参考答案】
The Chinese family ideas are related with her cultural
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traditions. harmonious extended families(big families) used to be very admirable, and it was not uncommon for four generations to live under the same roof. With this convention many young couples would continue to live with the parents. However, this practice is changing. With the improvement of the housing condition, more couples choose to live away from the parents but they still have close relations。Many elderly people help take care of their grandchildren and their children spare time to visit them, esp on important occasions like the Spring Festival and the Mid-Autumn Festival.
【解析暂无哦】
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