一.一般现在时
1. 构成:主语+动词+其他
2. 标志词:always, usually, often, sometimes, never, 等频率副词。 3. 否定句:1)当动词是 be, can, may, must, should等在其后加not Eg. I can’t play football.
2)当是实义动词时加助动词don’t/doesn’t后跟动词原形 Eg. I don’t like football. She doesn’t like football.
4. 疑问句:1)当动词是 be, can, may, must, should等将其提前 Eg. Can you swim?
2)当是实义动词时将助动词do/does 放在前面,后跟主语和动词原形。 Eg. Does she like football? 5. 特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+一般疑问句 二.现在进行时
1. 构成:主语+be+doing+其他 2. 动词→动词-ing变化规律: 1)一般情况下直接加-ing, eg. Working 2)以不发音e结尾的去e加-ing, eg. Taking
3)以辅音字母+元音字母+辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节,双写末尾辅音字母加-ing, eg. Stopping
4)特殊变化, lie—lying
3. 标志词:look, listen, now, at the moment, it’s…o’clock… 4. 否定句:be动词后加not
Eg. She is not listening to music. 5. 疑问句:将be动词提前
1
Eg . Is she listening to music? 6. 特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+一般疑问句 三.将来时
1. 构成:主语+be going to+动词原形 will
2. 标志词:tomorrow, next day/month/year等表示将来的时间 3. 否定句:be动词后加not;will后加not
Eg. He is not going to have a piano lesson this weekend. He will not have a piano lesson this weekend. 4. 疑问句:将be动词提前;将will提前
Eg. Is he going to have a piano lesson this weekend? Will he going to have a piano lesson this weekend? 5. 特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+一般疑问句 四.过去时
1. 构成:主语+动词过去时+其他
2. 标志词:yesterday, just now, …ago, this morning, when I was young,last…等
3. 动词→动词过去式变化规律: 1)一般动词结尾加-ed, eg. Walk--walked 2)以字母e结尾的动词加- d, eg. Live--lived
3)以辅音字母加y结尾的变y为i加-ed, eg. Hurry—hurried
4)以辅音字母+元音字母+辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节,双写末尾辅音字母加-ed, eg. Stop –stopped
特殊变化详见课本P172
4. 否定句:1)动词be过去式后直接加not
Eg. I was not in Chengdu last year.
2
2) 当是实义动词时,加助动词didn’t后跟动词原形 Eg. I didn’t telephone my parents yesterday. 5. 疑问句:1) 动词be过去式提前
Eg. Were you in Chengdu last year?
2) 当是实义动词时将助动词did 放在前面,后跟主语和动词原形 Eg. Did you telephone my parents yesterday? 6. 特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+一般疑问句 五.形容词、副词比较级,最高级 1. 形容词
(1) 在句子中做定语,一般放在名词之前。但是当形容词修饰something, somebody, anything, anybody, nothing, nobody时,要放于其后。 Eg. I have an interesting book. There is nothing serious. (2) 作表语,放在系动词之后。 Eg. This kind of dress is expensive.
(3) 以a-开头的形容词,一般在句子中只能作表语。 Eg. Keep quiet! My baby is asleep in the room. (4) 作宾语补足语,放在宾语之后。 Eg. The good news makes us very happy. 2. 副词
副词在句子中主要做状语,可以修饰动词、形容词、副词。修饰动词时,一般放在行为动词之后;修饰形容词时,一般放在形容词之前;表示时间、地点的副词一般放在句末或句首;频度副词一般放在行为动词之前。
Eg. I can’t hear you clearly. 3. 比较级用法
(1) 可以单独使用 eg. I hope to do better in English. (2) 和than一起用 eg. Zhang Jun is stronger than Lin Tao.
3
(3) 其他几种用法
a. 两者比较,哪一个更怎么样? Who/Which + be+比较级, A or B? Eg. Who did better, Lucy or Lily? b. 用比较级形式表达最高级意义
比较级+than any other+n.+比较级范围(in/of…) =比较级+than any of the others+ in/of…
=比较级+than the other+n.+in/of…(在同一范围内比较) 比较级+than any + n.+ in/of…(在两个不同范围内比较) Eg. Kate is more careful than any other girl in our class Shanghai is bigger than any city in Shangdong Province. c. 越来越怎么样?“比较级+and+比较级” Eg. Our country is becoming stronger and stronger.
d. 有范围的两者之间的比较用“the+形容词比较级+of the two” Eg. My mother is the busier of the two
e. 用来修饰比较级的副词有:much/ far/ lots/ a lot; a litter; even;still等 4. 最高级用法 用来对三个或三个以上的人或事物进行比较,形容词的最高级前必须加定冠词the,副词前的the可以省略。 a. 最高级+范围
Eg. Changjian is the longest river in China.
b. 主语+be+one of the+形容词最高级+名词复数+比较级范围(of/in短语),表示“最……的……之一”。
Eg. Yang Liwei is one of the most famous heroes in China.
c. 主语+be+the+序数词+形容词最高级+单数名词+比较范围,表示“……是……的第几”。
Eg. The Yellow River is the second longest river in China. 注:有些比较级与最高级之间的句子可以转换。
4
5
因篇幅问题不能全部显示,请点此查看更多更全内容