Unit 2 Working the land
Section A Warming Up, Pre-reading, Reading and Comprehending 问题导学
Summary
Although he is one of China's most famous 1 (scientist), yet Yuan Longping considers 2 （he）a farmer, for he works the land to do his research. Indeed, his 3 (sunburn) face and arms and his slim, strong body are just 4 those of millions of Chinese farmers, for whom he 5 （struggle）for the past five decades. Dr Yuan Longping grows 6 is called super hybrid rice. In 1974, he became the first agricultural pioneer in the world 7 (grow) rice that has a high output. This special strain of rice makes 8 possible to produce one-third more of the crop in 9 same fields. Now more than 60% of the rice produced in China each year is 10 his hybrid strain. 【答案】1. scientists 2. himself 3. sunburnt/sunburned 4. like 5. has struggled 6. what 7. to grow 8. it 9. the 10. from Language Points
I.
重点单词
1. struggle vt. & vi. 斗争；拼搏；努力；艰难地行进；吃力地进行 n. 斗争；拼搏；努力; 困难 拓展：
①struggle for为……斗争
②struggle against同……作斗争 ③struggle to one's feet 挣扎着站起来 ④struggle to do sth 努力去做某事 ⑤a struggle 一件难事”
经典例句：
①We must struggle with/against all kinds of difficulties.
我们必须与各种困难作斗争。
②They are struggling for their freedom and equality. 他们正在为自由和平等而奋斗。
③The old lady struggled to her feet in the end. 最终，老太太挣扎着站起来了。
④Li Hua struggled for months to find a job as a typist but he had no luck. 李华苦苦奋斗几个月想找一个打字员的工作，但是没有结果。 ⑤Growing up has always been a struggle. 成长总是艰苦的。
⑥The children made so much noise that I had to struggle to be heard. 孩子们吵吵的太厉害了,我得尽力才能让他们能听到我说的话。
知识运用：
①She is struggling (seize) the only chance to survive.
②He was walking along the street when he saw a woman (struggle) with a large box. ③They had to struggle their lives the weather and wild animals. ④The poor girl has to struggle cancer.
⑤It is （一件不容易的事）for Jack to get ready in such a short time. 【答案】①to seize ②struggling ③for; against ④against/with ⑤a struggle
2. hunger n. 饥饿；欲望 vt. & vi. （使）饥饿 拓展：
①have a hunger for=be hungry for渴望得到 ②hunger for/after渴望得到 ③die of hunger 死于饥饿 ④hungry adj. 饥饿的 ⑤go hungry 挨饿
经典例句：
①Children have a strong hunger for knowledge.
孩子们有强烈的求知欲。
②Everybody in the world hungers for success. 世人都渴望成功。
③Thousands of people would go hungry if the crops were destroyed. 庄稼要是毁了，成千上万的人就要挨饿。 ④The bird died of hunger. 那只鸟饿死了。
知识运用：
①Young people hunger knowledge and new things.
②His hunger knowledge drove him to the Library every day. ③Almost everybody is (hunger) for money. 【答案】①for ②for ③hungry
3. disturbing adj. 引起烦恼的；令人不安的 拓展：
①disturb sb/sth. 扰乱, 弄乱，打扰 ②disturb sb with sth因某事打扰某人
③disturbed adj 心烦意乱的；不安的；心理失常的
④be/feel disturbed to do… 因为做某事而感到不安、困扰 ⑤be/feel disturbed by…被……打扰
⑥be/feel disturbed about… 对……感到不安 经典例句：.
①I'm sorry to disturb you with this question. 对不起，我问问题打扰你了。
②Keep quiet in the reading room in order not to disturb others. 在阅览室里要保持安静， 以免妨碍别人。
③It is very disturbing that there has been an increase in crime in the last six months.
过去六个月里犯罪案件的增加令人非常不安。 ④He was badly disturbed by the rumor. 他被谣言弄得非常心烦意乱。
知识运用：
①For years Peter Smith's life by the memory of an accident that caused the death of one of his classmates.
② (disturb) news came that the virus spread quickly, which made us rather (disturb). ③She was disturbed ________ her mother’s sudden illness
④She was disturbed _______（hear）of her mother’s sudden illness. ⑤She was disturbed ________ the news of her mother’s sudden illness.
⑥Then came the ________（disturb）news that her father had become seriously ill. ⑦In order not （disturb）, I spent three hours locked in my study.
【答案】①was disturbed ②Disturbing; disturbed ③about ④ to hear ⑤ by ⑥disturb ⑦
to be disturbed
4. therefore adv.因为；所以；因而 拓展：
①therefore 是副词，不能引导从句，两个句子之间要用连词或者分号；而 so是连词，可接句子。 ②如果therefore承接的两个句子的主语为同一主语，则可用 “therefore ＋v-ing”作结果状语。 经典例句：
①We have a growing population and therefore we need more food. 我们的人口在日益增长，所以我们需要更多的食物。
②Agriculture has developed rapidly, therefore providing light industry with enough raw materials. 农业迅速发展, 从而为轻工业提供了充足的原料。
③There is still much to discuss. We shall therefore hold another meeting to discuss it next week. 还有很多问题要讨论，所以，我们还有再开一次会议来讨论这些问题。
知识运用：
①I thought it was dull to watch a game in which players kicked a ball to each other. Therefore, my father loves football. （单句改错）
②It rained therefore the football match was postponed. （单句改错）
③Recently we have employed a new technique in the production, therefore （reduce）the cost.
④I was ill therefore I couldn’t go to the party. =I was ill I couldn’t go to the party.
【答案】 ①Therefore改为However ②therefore前加and或改therefore为so ③reducing ④and;
so
5.equip (equipped, equipped) vt. 配备；装备 拓展：
①equip…with…用…… 把某人/自己装备起来；使……装备 ②be equipped with … 装备有……；安装有……
③equip sb. to do sth. 使有能力做某事；使有所准备做某事 ④sb. be equipped to do sth. 某人有准备做某事 ⑤be equipped for… 准备好……；对……有准备 ⑥equipment Un．设备
经典例句：
①Our classroom is equipped with a TV set and a computer. 我们的教室里配有一台电视和一台电脑。 ②A good education will equip you for life. 良好的教育将使你受用终生。
③Her training equipped her to deal with the new job. 她所受的培训使她能够对付这项新的工作。 ④Our school has been given some new equipment. 我们学校被给了一些新的设备。
⑤We students should equip ourselves with rich knowledge. 我们学生应该用知识来丰富自己。
知识运用：
①He equipped his new bike a head light. ②Your training will equip you your future job.
③Our school offers us good (equip) and our teachers (equip) with rich experience in teaching.
④ （equip）with new scientific farming methods，they have been able to use less farmland than in the past.
【答案】 ①with ②for ③equipment；are equipped ④Equipped
6. confuse vt. 使迷惑；使为难
拓展：
① confuse A with B 把A混为B
②be confused by … 被……搞糊涂， ③be confused about对……感到不解 ④confused adj 感到困惑的，烦恼的 ⑤confusing adj 令人困惑的
⑥confusion n. 骚乱；混乱；混淆
经典例句：
①I hope my explanation didn’t confuse everybody. 我希望我的解释没有把大家都弄糊涂。
②I confused her with her sister because they were so alike. 我把她和她妹妹弄混了，因为她们长得太像了。
③This is a confusing word because it has several meanings. 这是一个令人迷惑的单词，因为它有几个意思。
④ I’m confused about what I am going to do after graduation. 我对我毕业之后从事什么工作感到很迷惑。
知识运用：
①He was really （confuse）by the （confuse）problem which also （confuse）other people.
②His writing is so （confuse）that it is difficult to make out what he is trying to express. ③The _________（confuse）mother asked him what he talked about with her little daughter. ④He looked at me in (confuse) , not answering my question.
⑤Foreign tourists are often confusing in Japan because most streets there don’t have names.（单句改错）
【答案】①confused；confusing; confused ②confusing ③confused ④confusion ⑤confusing
改为 confused
7. regret vt. 遗憾；惋惜 n. 遗憾；懊悔 拓展：
①regret sth. 后悔/遗憾某事 ②regret that从句 遗憾……
③regret doing/having done/to have done sth. 后悔做了某事 ④regret to say/tell/inform 遗憾地说/告诉/通知 ⑤much to one's regret 使某人非常遗憾的是 ⑥with regret 遗憾地
⑦express regret for/at/over sth… 对……表示遗憾 ⑧be/feel regretful for 为……感到后悔
经典例句：
①I regret the loss of her friendship. 我为失去她的友谊而遗憾。
②I regret to say that I am unable to help you. 很抱歉,我爱莫能助。
③I am regretful for hurting her feelings. 我后悔伤害了她的感情。
④ I don't regret telling/having told/to have told her what I thought. 我不为告诉她我的想法而后悔。 ⑤I feel regretful for what I've done. 我后悔我所做的一切。
⑥Much to my regret ， I must leave now. 令我很遗憾的是，我现在必须离开了。
⑦We heard with regret that you were not successful in your plan. 听到你的计划不能顺利进行，我们觉得很可惜。
知识运用：
①I deeply regret (say) those rude words to you that day. I apologize to you for that. ②Life is too short to spend time (regret).
③Li Ping did not regret (give) the comment but felt that she could have expressed it differently.
④The schoolboy said he (regret) the time wasted playing computer games. ⑤Robert is indeed a wise man. How often I have regretted (没听他的建议)! ⑥ （使我非常遗憾的是）, I can’t visit you next week.
【答案】①to say ②regretting ③giving/having given/to have given ④regretted ⑤not taking his
advice ⑥Much to my regret
II.重点短语
1．thanks to 幸亏；由于；因为 拓展:
与thanks to同义的短语： ①owing to
②due to (不位于句首) ③as a/the result of
④because of ⑤on account of
经典例句：
①Thanks to his encouragement, I am building up my confidence. 多亏了他的鼓励，我正逐步建立信心。
②It is because of the terrible weather that the output of crops reduces by 20% this year. 是由于糟糕的天气今年的庄稼才减产20%的。
③He went to school late thanks to/because of the heavy rain. 因为下大雨，他上学迟到了。
④I am well again, thanks to the doctor. 我已经康复了，多亏了医生。
知识运用：
① （多亏吉姆的警告）, we avoided the accident. ② (由于坏天气)，the football match has been put off. ③I couldn’t attend the meeting owing my illness. ④I couldn’t attend the meeting because my illness. ⑤I didn’t attend the meeting account of my illness. ⑥I didn’t attend the meeting a result of my illness. ⑦Thanks your help. We all passed the exam. ⑧Thanks your help, we all passed the exam.
【答案】 ①Thanks to Jim’s warning ②Thanks to/ Owing to/Because of / On account of/ As a
result of the bad weather ③to ④of ⑤on ⑥ as ⑦for ⑧to
2. rid…of 摆脱；除去 拓展：
①rid oneself of使自己摆脱(从中解脱)
②get rid of摆脱（疾病、坏习惯等）；除掉（观点、传统等）（指动作） ③be rid of 摆脱；除掉（指状态） ④其它常见的“v.＋sb. of sth.”结构： rob sb. of sth. 抢劫某人某物 convince sb. of sth. 使某人信服某事 warn sb. of sth. 警告某人某事 inform sb. of sth. 告知某人某事 cure sb. of sth. 治愈某人的疾病 remind sb of sth 提醒某人关于某事
经典例句：
①Once formed, these bad habits are hard to get rid of. 一旦养成，这些坏习惯很难摆脱。 ②I can't get rid of my cold． 我感冒老不好。
③You must get rid of such silly ideas． 你必须去掉这些愚蠢的观念。
④Mr.Johnson tried to get rid of the man who was following him but in vain. 约翰逊试图摆脱跟踪他的那个人，但是徒劳。
知识运用：
①It is not easy to （去掉一种坏习惯）.
②Thanks to the schoolmate’s help, he finally ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________(改掉了他的坏习惯).
③The dentist (使他摆脱了痛苦) by taking out his bad tooth.
④Over the past few decades, the government has helped rid a good many people poverty and hunger.
⑤As he was getting onto the stage, Dan closed his eyes and took a deep breath to rid him of his fears. (单句改错)
【答案】①get rid of a bad habit ②rid himself of/got rid of his bad habit ③rid him of the pain
④of ⑤him改为himself
3.be satisfied with…=be pleased with…对……感到满意 拓展：
①satisfy vt.满意；使满意 ;满足 ②be satisfied to do 乐意干…… ③be satisfied that 满意…… ④satisfied adj. 感到满意的 ⑤satisfying adj. 令人满意的 ⑥satisfactory adj. 令人满意的 ⑦satisfaction n. 满意，满足 ⑧with satisfaction满意地
⑨to one’s satisfaction 使某人满意的是
经典例句：
①)I am satisfied with the result. 我对那个结果很满意。
②My parents try to satisfy all my needs . 我父母尽量满足我的所有需求。 ③There was a satisfied look on her face. 她脸上露出了满意的微笑。
④Much to my satisfaction，my boss agreed to my suggestion. 很使我满意的是，老板同意了我的建议。 ⑤ His explanation is far from satisfactory. 他的解释远不令人满意。
⑥That was a satisfying performance. 那是一场令人满意的演出。
知识运用：
①You’re done well at school. I’m very satisfied ________ you.
②The boy looked at his Christmas gift with an expression of （satisfy）. ③ （satisfy）the need, we are still in need of a large sum of money. ④So far as I know, he is quite （satisfy）with his present job. ⑤The results of the experiment are very satisfied.
【答案】①with ②satisfaction ③To satisfy ④satisfied ⑤ satisfied改为 satisfactory /satisfying
4. would rather 宁愿；宁可 拓展：
① would rather (not) do sth 宁愿（不）做某事 ② would rather do sth than do…
= would do sth rather than do…宁愿做某事也不愿意做…… ③would rather 主语 did sth 宁愿主语做某事（实际上没做） ④would rather 主语 had done sth宁愿主语过去做了某事
⑤would rather have done sth. 要是做过某事就好了；宁愿做过某事(实际上没)
经典例句：
①I‘d rather not tell anybody about it. 我宁愿不把这事告诉任何人 ② He would rather die than give in. =He would die rather than give in. 他宁死不屈。
③I would rather he didn‘t come. 我宁愿他不会来。
④I would rather you had taken my advice yesterday. 昨天你要是听了我的建议就好了。
⑤I would rather have taken his advice yesterday. 昨天，我要是听他的忠告就好了。
知识运用：
①Would you rather stay at home or (我们一起出去散步)? ②I’d rather Mary ________ (give) us some advice on how to learn English well.
③He would do some sports with his classmates ________ ________(而不愿) stay at home doing nothing.
④I would rather sleep all day than to play computer games for a long time.（单句改错）
【答案】①go out to have a walk with us ②gave ③rather than ④去掉to III.重点句子
1. Dr. Yuan Longping grows what is called super hybrid rice．袁隆平博士种植的是被称为“超级杂交水稻”的稻种。
句式分析：句中what is called super hybrid rice为宾语从句，作grows的宾语。what引导名词
从句，在句子中作主语、宾语、表语或同位语，what在从句中可以作主语、表语、宾语等。
经典例句：
①A modern city has been set up in what was a waste land ten years ago. 一座现代化的城市已经在十年前曾经是一片废墟的地上建立起来了。 ②After a hard time they came to what is called America today.
艰难的一段时间的努力后，他们来到了现在称作美洲的地方。 ③— Could you do me a favour? — It depends on what it is. --你能帮我一个忙吗？--那要看是什么了。 ④We now live in what is called the Information Age. 我们现在生活在所谓的信息时代。
知识运用：
①Before the sales start, I make a list of ______ my kids will need for the coming season. ②After (似乎很长时间), the bus arrived.
③After hours’ drive，they reached ________they thought was the place they’d been dreaming of. ④The shopkeeper did not want to sell for he thought was not enough. ⑤People in Chongqing are proud of ___ they have achieved in the past ten years. 【答案】①what ②what seemed a long time ③what ④what ⑤what
2. In 1973, he became the first agricultural pioneer in the world to grow rice that has a high output. 1974年，他成为世界上第一位种植高产水稻的农业先锋。
句式分析：句中的to grow rice为动词不定式作定语，修饰the first agricultural pioneer。注意：
当名词前有序数词、最高级或next，last, the only修饰，且名词与不定式有逻辑上的主谓关系，必须用动词不定式作定语。
经典例句：
①He was the last one to leave school yesterday. 昨天他是最后一个离开教室的。
②The first person to reach the South Pole was Ronald Amundsen, a Norwegian explorer. 第一个到达南极点的人)是挪威探险家罗纳德·阿蒙森。 ③China is among the first few countries to develop farming. 中国是世界上为数不多的最早发展农业的国家之一。
拓展：
1) 不定式与其所修饰的名词还可能有逻辑上动宾关系，如： ①Get him something to eat. 给他拿点儿东西吃。
She has a lot of work to do in the morning. 早上他有很多工作要做。
2)不及物动词构成的不定式做定语，要加上适当的介词和被修饰的名词形成逻辑上的动宾关系，这里的介词不能省去。如： ①I need a pen to write with. 我需要一支笔写字。
②There is nothing to worry about. 没有什么值得发愁的。 3)下面名词常常跟不定式作定语：
ability，ambition， effort， need， opportunity，chance，force， promise，courage，intention， reason，decision，determination，wish等。如： ①I haven’t had a chance to think yet. 我还没有机会思考。
②We have no need to be afraid of them! 我们没有必要害怕他们! ③His wish to buy a car came true. 他买辆车的愿望实现了。
④Their decision to give up the experiment surprised us. 他们放弃这个实验的决定使我们大吃一惊。
知识运用：
①He was （最后一个离开教室的人）yesterday. ②He was (做这个工作的最佳人选). ③She was （唯一的幸存者）in the air crash.
④He is always the first person ___________ (come) and the last one _______ (leave). ⑤Give me some paper to write. (单句改错)
【答案】①the last person to leave the classroom ②the best man to do the job
③the only one to survive ④to come；to leave ⑤write后加on
3. Using his hybrid rice, farmers are producing harvests twice as large as before. 用他的杂交水稻种子,农民们种出的粮食是以前的两倍。
句式分析：twice as large as before是个一种数的表达方法，即 “倍数+as+形容词+as”的结构，意思是，“以前的两倍”。 拓展：
有关倍数的表达方式还有： ①倍数＋as＋adj./adv.＋as… ②倍数＋as＋many/much＋名词＋as … ③倍数＋形容词/副词的比较级＋than… ④倍数＋the＋名词＋of… ⑤倍数+that/those of… ⑥倍数+what从句 注意：
(1)在“倍数＋the＋名词＋of”结构中，常用的名词有size, height, weight, length, width等。 (2)两倍用twice或double，不到一倍用分数表示，三倍或三倍以上一般用times来表示，如three times, four times等。 经典例句：
①The earth is forty-nine times larger than the moon. 地球比月亮大四十九倍。
②This river is twice as long as that one. 这条河是那条河的两倍长。
③This rope is only half the length of that one. 这条绳子的长度是那条绳子的一半。 ④He makes twice as much money as his wife. 他挣的钱是他妻子的两倍多。
⑤The output of this year is 3 times that of 2007. 今年的产量三倍于2007年的产量。
⑥The output of this year is 3 times what it was 2007. 今年的产量是2007年的三倍。
知识运用：
①The hall is （是我们教室的五倍大）. ②It is said that the factory is now _______ _______ ______ ______ ______ _______ _____(过去的两倍)．
③Our new campus is five times ________ ________ _______ _______ _______ ________(旧校园大小).
④Much to the couple's comfort, their income is now double ________ it was five years ago. ⑤The height of the big tree is four times of that small one.
【答案】①five times bigger than our classroom ②twice as large as what it was ③the size of the
old one ④what ⑤ that
Section B Learning about English，Using Languages and Summary up 问题导学
Summary
Over the past several decades, 1 (use) chemical fertilizers has become very common in farming. However, scientists are finding that overusing them can cause damage to the land as well as people's health. With these 2 (discovery), many farmers are beginning to turn to organic farming, that is, 3 (simple) farming without using any chemicals. They focus 4 keeping their soil rich by using natural waste as fertilizer, 5 keeps the air, soil, water and crops free from chemicals.
Organic farmers also use many 6 methods to keep the soil fertile. They change the kind of crop in each field every few years. Some organic farmers prefer 7 (plant) grass between crops to prevent wind or water from 8 (carry) away the soil, and then leaving it in the ground to become a natural fertilizer for the next year's crop. These methods have 9 same goal: to grow good food and avoid 10 (damage) the environment or people's health.
【答案】1. using 2. discoveries 3. simply 4. on 5. which 6. other 7. planting 8. carrying 9. the 10. damaging
Language Points
I. 重点单词
1. discovery n. 发现；发觉 拓展：
①discover vt. 发现 ②discoverer n. 发现者
③the discovery of 对……的发现 ④the discoverer of … …的发现者
经典例句：
①Madame Curie discovered radium. 居里夫人发现了镭。
②The island was named after its discoverer, Tasman. 这个岛是以它的发现者塔斯曼的名字来命名的。
③Madame Curie became well known for the discovery of radium． 居里夫人因为发现了镭而变得闻名了。
④Madame Curie will always be remembered as the discoverer of the element radium. 居里夫人将会作为镭的发现者永远被人们记住。
知识运用：
①Columbus America in 1492.
②The (discover) of electricity was Franklin.
③The (discover) of electricity，like many other___________(discover), benefits us greatly.
【答案】①discovered ②discoverer ③discovery, discoveries
2. focus n. 焦点；中心点 vt. 集中；聚集 拓展:
①focus on聚焦，关注
②focus/fix/concentrate one's attention on … 把注意力集中于…… ③focus one's attention/eyes/energy on … 集中注意力/目光/精力于……
④be focused on专注于 ⑤the focus of … …的焦点
经典例句：
①She focused her mind on her lessons． 她把她的心思都集中在学习上。
②With all his attention focused on the book he was reading, he didn't notice what had happened. 由于全部注意力都集中在他读的书上，他没有注意到所发生的事。 ③With so many people focusing their eyes on her, she felt very nervous. 有那么多人在盯着自己，她感到很紧张。 ④Our attention should be focused on our lessons. 我们应该专注我们的功课。
⑤This problem has become the focus of public attention. 这个问题已经成为公众注意的焦点。
知识运用：
①We must focus our attention the question of reducing costs．
②With all his attention （focus）on the computer game, the boy even didn't notice his mother came in.
③Global warming has become （会议的焦点）to be held tomorrow. ④She felt that all the eyes (盯着她). 【答案】① on ②focused ③the focus of the meeting ④were fixed/focused on her 3.reduce vt. 减少；减缩 vi. 减少；缩小；归纳为 拓展:
①reduce … by … 把……减少了……
②reduce … to …把……减少到……；把……变为……状态 ③be reduced to doing sth … 陷入某种境地 ④reduction n 减少；下降；缩小
经典例句：
①By taking exercise every day, she has reduced her weight by 10% to 50 kilos. 通过每天锻炼身体，她的体重减少了10%，到了50公斤。 ②It’s surprising that the rich man should be reduced to begging for a living. 信不信由你，那个富人竟然沦落至乞讨为生。 ③We can only make a reduction of $5 per ton in the price. 我们只能在价格上每吨降5美元。 ④She has been reducing for the last few weeks. 她在最近几周一直在节食减肥。 知识运用：
①There was very little food in hard times. As a result，many people were reduced to ________(eat) grass and leaves.
②This is the only way ________ (reduce) the waste of water in students' bedrooms. ③We agree to reduce our price 3% if you pay in cash. ④My father reduced his weight 6 kilos. 【答案】①eating ②to reduce ③by ④by
4. comment n. vi. & vt.评论；议论 拓展:
①comment on/upon sth. 对某事做出评论
②make comments on/upon/about sb./sth. 对某人(某事做出评论 ③without comment 未作任何解释
经典例句：
①I won’t comment on his decision. = I won’t make any comment on his decision. 我不会对他的决定做出评论。
②He listened to what I said without much comment, then changed the subject to my job. 他听着我说的话，没怎么评论，然后将话题转移到我的工作上。
知识运用：
①I'm sure he will surely ________ ________ (做出评论)your work if you ask him to. ②Swap summaries with your partner and ________ ________ ________ ________ ________(互相评论).
③I often wish I could comment your letters but there is no time.(单句改错)
【答案】①make comments on/upon ②make comments on each other ③comment后加on II.重点短语
1. build up 逐渐增强；建立；开发 拓展：v+up短语：
add up加起来；合计 come up上升；走近；发芽
pick up捡起；学会；用车接；（天气）晴开 take up拿起；开始；从事 look up查找；向上看 eat up吃光；吃完 set up竖起；创设；开办
经典例句：
①She is struggling to build up her confidence. 她正在努力建立信心。
②Taking exercise helps us build up our body and keep a clear mind. 经常锻炼有助于我们增强体质并保持清醒的头脑。 ③It's said that she's built up a very successful business. 据说她开了一家很成功的生意。
知识运用：
①We take regular exercise to build ________ our body.
②His confidence (build) up gradually as he gained more and more experience in teaching. ③You will feel good if you (建立起良好的相互关系).
【答案】①up ②built ③build up good relationships with each other 2. lead to 导致；造成（后果） 拓展：
①lead sb. to do sth. 导致某人做某事， ②lead/live a …life 过……样的生活
③lead the way引路；带路 ④take the lead 领先 ⑤led by … 在……的带领下
经典例句：
①You are not God, so don’t lead people to believe that you control the universe. 你不是上帝,所以,不要引导人们相信你掌管着宇宙。
②The quarrel leading to the fight started from their disbelief in each other. 导致这场打斗的争吵开始于他们相互之间的怀疑。
③The overuse of chemical fertilizers may lead to serious problems. 过分使用化肥可能导致严重的问题。 ④All roads lead to Rome.
条条大路通罗马。
⑤The discovery of new evidence led to the thief being caught. 新证据的发现致使了小偷的被抓住。
知识运用：
①Questioning can lead to (search) for an answer.
②With a local villager （lead）the way, they went into the forest searching for the missing boy.
③ (lead) by the Party, we will surely defeat any enemy.
④In class I will divide the students into small groups and lead them (practise) speaking English in an interesting way. ⑤Diligence is the path leading wealth.
【答案】① searching ②leading ③Led ④to practice ⑤to
3. keep … free from/of 使……免受（影响；伤害等）；使……不含（有害物） 拓展：
①for free 免费地
②set sb free释放；使获得自由 ③free time 空闲时间，自由时间 ④freeely adv自由地； 随意地
经典例句：
①When traveling，Children under-threes ride for free. 旅游时，三岁以下的儿童乘车免费。 ②You should keep your son from computer games. 你应该让你的儿子不玩电脑游戏。
③ I have kept my garden free from weeds this year. 我让我的园子今年没有杂草。 ④We should keep our city free from noise. 我们应该使我们的城市免受噪音的影响。
知识运用：
①We put our books in the bookcase to keep them free ________ dust. ②we should keep the children free drugs.
③They did their best to (使这位病人免受疼痛的折磨). ④People could pass through （free）but any vehicle could not.
【答案】①from / of ②from / of ③keep this patient free from the pain ④freely III.重点句子
They often change the kind of crop in each field every few years…他们经常每隔几年就换种农作物。
句子分析：句中every few years 每隔几年，表示频度，在句中作状语。英语中除了 “every+
单数名词”表示频度外，还有以下结构：
(1)every+基数词+复数名词=every+序数词+单数名词，作“每多少……”
(2)every+序数词+单数名词，意为“每第……” (3) every other+单数名词，意思是“每隔一……” (4) every few+复数名词，意思是“每隔几……”
经典例句：
①We had to stop every few miles. 每隔几英里我们都必须停一次。 ②The bus goes every 10 minutes. 公交车每十分钟一趟。
③He comes to see his uncle every third Sunday every month. 他每个月的第三个周六去看他舅舅。 ④He goes to work every other day. 他隔天上班。
知识运用：
①I visit my parents (每两周).
②Don't write on every line; write on （每隔一行）. ③There is a tree （每隔几米）along the street.
【答案】①every two weeks/every second week ② every other/second line ③every few meters
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